Atmospheric Air mostly consists of
Oxygen and Nitrogen gases beside with small quantity of water vapour, Carbon
Dioxide, Argon, Helium, etc. Oxygen and Nitrogen from the Air are broken up due
to diversity in boiling points by representation throughout a fractional
column.
Atmospheric Air is sucked in by a
multi juncture Compressor from side to side a filter and is compressed to the invent
pressure. The compressed Air is then approved through inter-coolers, Industrial
Refrigerator, Moisture Separators, and then to the Molecular Sieve Battery for deletion
of Carbon Dioxide, Hydrocarbons and Moisture from the procedure Air. This pure
Air then pass during the 1st Heat Exchanger, where it is chilled by the outgoing
Nitrogen and Oxygen. Part of this chilled Air is passed through Expansion
Engine and the other part through the 2nd Heat Exchanger. Both the Expansion
Engine and 2nd Heat Exchanger help in additional cooling down the Air, which is
at length released to the bottom of the column throughout an expansion valve.
The Air becomes liquid at this stage.
The support consists of two parts. The
lower column and upper column. In between the lower and upper columns there is a
condenser, which acts as a reflux for the lower column and as a re-boiler for
the upper column. The liquid Air at the base of lower column separate throughout
the trays to provide crude Oxygen at the bottom and roughly 90% pure Nitrogen
at the top. Crude Oxygen term as rich liquid is then extended throughout an
Expansion Valve from the lower column to the middle of the upper column. Crude
Nitrogen term as poor liquid is lengthened throughout another Expansion Valve
from the top of the lower column to the top of the upper column. Due to differentiation
in the boiling points, the pure Nitrogen boils over and accumulates at the top
of the upper column and Oxygen, which accumulates at the bottom of the upper
column.
Both Nitrogen and Oxygen are separate
through separate paths in Heat Exchangers, for cooling the incoming air. Oxygen
is packed in to a prescribe complete pressure by a liquid pump and is in a
straight line filled into cylinders. Nitrogen is though available at a pressure
of approximately O.5kg/cm2 and the same can be compressed into cylinders with
help of a self-sufficient high- pressure compressor.
Usually the Nitrogen available is of
98.5% purity only and is let out into the atmosphere as waste product. Though,
when Nitrogen is to be filled, into the cylinders for business use, the oxygen gas plant is forced by a change
in the regulator setting to make the mixed Air chamber functioning to achieve
the essential Nitrogen purity. (Facility of filling Nitrogen gas (PPM Grade)
and leaving of liquid Nitrogen is also probable.)
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